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- You will hear a recorded passage. After that you will hear five questions. Both the passage and the questions will be read twice. When you hear a question, you should complete the answer to it with a word or a short phrase (in no more than three words).The questions and incomplete answers are printed in the textbook for your reference.
- 1.Who is Spark?
Spark is a%203%20for%20vocational%20college%20english/resource/template/themes/res/images/incorrect.png)
.
2. What has happened to Spark?
He has just.
3. If you want to have Spark back, what can probably help you?
A called cloning can probably help.
4. For many years, what have scientists been cloning?
Scientists have been cloning all kinds of for years.
5. What are some of the common problems for cloned animals?
Cloned animals tend to have serious and shorter life.
- 正确答案：1. dog 2. died 3. scientific process 4. animals 5. health problems
- Script:
He had been part of your family for as long as you can remember. He understood you better than anyone else. And now, sadly, your beloved dog Spark has died.
Your mom has offered to buy you a new dog, a dog just like Spark. But you don’t want a new dog. You want Spark. What to do?
Thanks to a scientific process called cloning, you can probably have Spark back again if you really want.
Scientists have been cloning all kinds of animals for years. Now some companies offer pet-cloning services. They say cloning is a way to honor a beloved animal.
But you should realize that cloning has a dark side. For every successful clone, there are dozens of failures. Cloned animals tend to have serious health problems and shorter life.
脚本:
从你记事起，他就是你的家人了。他比任何人都更了解你。现在，很遗憾，你心爱的狗斯帕克死了。
你妈妈给你买了一只新狗，一只像Spark一样的狗。但是你不想要一只新狗。你想要的火花。要做什么吗?
多亏了一种被称为克隆的科学方法，如果你真的想要的话，你可能还能重燃希望之火。
科学家们多年来一直在克隆各种动物。现在一些公司提供宠物克隆服务。他们说克隆是一种尊重心爱动物的方式。
但你应该意识到克隆有黑暗的一面。每一个成功的克隆，都有几十个失败。克隆动物往往有严重的健康问题和更短的寿命。
- Unit 05 : Genetic Technology > Text Study > Text A
- Dolly Scientist Plans to Clone the Scottish Wildcat
- 多莉羊研究者计划克隆苏格兰野猫
- 1 比尔•里奇博士是15年前克隆多莉羊的研究团队中的一员，现在他将自己的注意力转向了保护苏格兰野猫。苏格兰野猫也称苏格兰虎，是苏格兰最稀少的濒危动物之一。
- 2 里奇博士正在钻研一种新的克隆技术，这种技术有望成为其他濒危动物克隆计划的模板。
- 3 因为栖息地丧失及与家猫杂交等原因，苏格兰野猫现在处在十分危险的境地，目前只剩下大约400只。
- 4 该计划得到了基因公司的部分资助，但里奇博士还在寻求更多的资助，以防这个物种灭绝。
- 5 野猫能够与家猫杂交，这种能力也许能够拯救野猫，因为这意味着家猫的卵子可以用来克隆野猫。“跨物种杂交能力表明，跨物种克隆成功的可能性很高，因为只有基因非常接近的物种才有过成功克隆的例子。”里奇博士说道。
- 6 “不少猫科动物都曾借助家猫成功地克隆过。现在很难找到纯种的野猫了，因为野猫基本上都和家猫杂交过，不过现代技术能够挑出纯种野猫。从纯种动物身上取一小块皮肤，就可以培养出可供克隆的细胞。”里奇博士解释道。家猫的卵细胞可以从阉割后回收的组织中获取，有了这些卵细胞，克隆过程就可以开始了。
- 7 皇家动物学会正在凯恩戈姆山推行一个项目，预防野猫和家猫杂交，这项工作同样也有助于保护野猫。“该项目在凯恩戈姆地区免费阉割家猫，目的是为了保护野猫，这样也便于获得家猫卵细胞。”
- 8 里奇博士称：“我们花很多时间，跑到亚洲去，观察那儿的濒危动物，却没想到我们的野猫也在消失，而且我们的野猫甚至比那些我们在另外一个半球看到的许多动物还要稀少。苏格兰野猫也许比大多数大型猫科动物更难见到。如果我们想拥有一个健康的生态系统，我们就必须保护野猫。”
- 9 克隆野猫的技术与克隆多莉羊的技术十分相似，但现在技术发展了，可以利用从阉割下来的物质中提取出的卵细胞。从动物组织中提取出的未成熟卵细胞可以在适当环境下培育成熟。未成熟的细胞可以在人工环境下培养成适合克隆的卵子。经过24小时的培养，卵子便可以用于制作植入母猫体内的胚胎了。
- 10 动物园里很多动物无法繁衍，因为生活状况和营养状况达不到要求，同时又缺乏锻炼，因此不具备生殖条件。“如果动物早年不能繁衍，之后也基本不可能再生殖后代。不过，这些动物能够为克隆提供必要的细胞。”里奇博士说。“克隆多莉羊是个了不起的成就，引发了很多重大突破。几年前，克隆技术被证明行之有效，现在这个项目是该技术的又一次应用。”
- Unit 05 : Genetic Technology > Key to Book Exercises
Text A / Comprehension
- Complete the following sentences according to the text, and then work with your partner and take turns asking and answering the questions orally.
- Who is Dr. Bill Ritchie?
Dr. Bill Ritchie is a member of the team that cloned Dolly the sheep.
- What does Dr. Ritchie plan to do?
Dr. Ritchie plans to clone the Scottish Wildcat.
- How many Scottish Wildcats are left in the world today?
It is estimated that only 400 animals remain in existence.
- How could an immature egg from tissue recovered during spaying of domestic cats develop into a mature egg suitable for cloning?
The development would be carried out in an artificial environment.
- Why do many animals in zoos fail to breed?
Many animals in zoos fail to breed because the social and nutritional condition of the animals is not met and because the animals do not get the exercise needed to keep them in breeding condition.
Choose the best answer for each of the following statements or questions according to the text.
Dr. Bill Ritchie plans to clone the Scottish Wildcat because ________.
he is a member of the team that cloned Dolly
the animal is endangered
the animal remains in existence
the animal is extinct
Dr. Ritchie has got some financial support for his project from ________.
the team that cloned Dolly
the Cairngorms
Royal Zoological Society
Genecom Ltd.
The Scottish Wildcat’s ability to hybridize with domestic cats may save the wildcat because ________.
hybridization will prevent the animal from becoming extinct
there are lots of domestic cats that may hybridize with the wildcats
it means that it is possible to use eggs from domestic cats for cloning
it is very difficult to find pure wildcats because of their crossing with domestic animals
When Dr. Ritchie mentions scientists traveling to Asia to see endangered species there, what he really wants to say is that ________.
Scottish Wildcats, rather than endangered species in Asia, should be preserved
scientists should pay more attention to endangered species at home
Asia has a more healthy ecosystem than Scotland
he needs more money to be able to travel to Asia, which is very far away
The technique used for cloning the Scottish Wildcat is ________.
a template for other plans aimed at cloning endangered animals
more advanced than that used to clone other animals
the same as that used to clone Dolly
a further development compared with that used to clone Dolly
Key: 1. B 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. D
Vocabulary Building / Exercises
Match the words in the left-hand column with the Chinese meanings on the right.
Fill in each of the following blanks with the proper form of the given words.
- What _________ (prevention) you from joining us last night?
- They are busy doing _________ (scientist) experiments.
- Acting before thinking always _________ (result) in failure.
- The _______ (produce) of computers has doubled in the last few weeks.
- What is the latest _______ (develop)?
- When and where will it suit your __________ (convenient) for our next meeting?
- This lake ________ (supply) the whole town with water.
- Good ________ (nutritional) is essential for growing children.
Key:
- prevented
- scientific
- results
- production
- development
- convenience
- supplies
- nutrition
Grammar Tips / Exercises
- Put the verbs in brackets into their passive forms.
- I hope that Iwill be promoted (promote).
- The girl is fond ofbeing encouraged(encourage) by her teachers.
- It didn’t getbroken(break).
- The teacherwas asked(ask) to explain the difficult sentence again.
- Itis known(know) that he is an expert in linguistics.
Change the following sentences into the passive forms.
- People use metal for making machines.
Metal is used for making machines.
- I have already returned the book to the library.
The book has already been returned to the library.
- Did they build a bridge over the river a year ago?
Was a bridge built over the river a year ago?
- We will put on an English play in the auditorium.
An English play will be put on in the auditorium.
- We must water the flowers every day in summer.
The flowers must be watered every day in summer.
Text B / Comprehension
Answer the following questions according to the text.
- How did farmers improve their crops for thousands of years?
For thousands of years, farmers improved their crops by patiently crossbreeding plants that have good traits.
- According to the researchers, why is the rice that they are working on helpful?
The rice has a lot of vitamin A from a daffodil gene and could help prevent blindness, even death, for millions of kids who do not get enough vitamin A in their food.
- What did Gerber and Heinz companies do under the pressure of public worry?
Public worry forced the Gerber and Heinz companies to stop using GM ingredients in baby foods.
- Why did companies like Frito Lay announce that its food would be free of GM ingredients?
They did so because those companies saw that GM foods can be bad for business, even if they haven’t been proved to be bad for health.
- Who is Ronnie Cummins?
Ronnie Cummins is a member of the Organic Consumers Association.
Decide if the following sentences are true or false according to the text. Write T for true or F for false.
F 1. Crossbreeding always works and it takes only a few years to get good results.
T 2. Genes determine what a living thing looks like.
T 3. A protein in a flounder may help the fish grow in cold waters.
T 4. Many people think that GM foods may do harm to the environment and humans.
T 5. The Gerber and Heinz companies once used GM ingredients in their baby foods.
F 6. Allison Snow, who has concerns about the new technology, hopes that the technology will never be used in the future.
Comprehensive Exercises
Choose the best answer for each blank.
Fill in the blanks with the words given below.
On February 7, 2006, the United States won a trade dispute when the WTO decided that the European Union violated international rules by restricting imports of genetically modified crops and food made from them. The decision is a victory for the agricultural biotechnology industry, which for years has been fighting opposition to its products from consumers and governments in Europe and some other countries .
Genetically modified crops are widely grown and consumed in the United States but rarely in Europe. American biotechnology, food and agriculture groups welcomed the decision, but consumer and environmental groups criticized it. “The World Trade Organization is unfit to decide what we should eat or what farmers should grow ,” Alexandra Wandel from Friends of the Earth Europe said in a statement.
Translate the following sentences into English using the words or phrases given.
- 是否克隆人类是个道德问题而不是技术问题。(clone)
Whether to clone human beings is a moral question rather than a technical one.
- 做这项实验需要很大的耐心。(patience)
You need great patience to do this experiment. / It requires great patience to do this experiment.
- 转基因食品应该被贴上标签。(genetically modified)
Genetically modified foods should be labeled.
- 基因研究能够帮助人类预防某些疾病。(genetic research)
Genetic research could help human beings prevent some diseases.
- 他们的研究项目遇到了麻烦。(get into trouble)
Their research project got into trouble.
Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
- These problems have resulted in an estimate of only 400 animals remaining in existence
这些问题导致现在世上只剩下大约400只这种动物。
- The Scottish Wildcat is probably more difficult to see than many other big cats.
苏格兰野猫也许比大多数大型猫科动物更难见到。
- For thousands of years, farmers improved their crops by patiently crossbreeding plants that have good traits.
千百年来，农民们耐心地将优良植物进行杂交，以提高农作物的质量。
- Scientists believe the new techniques can create crops that are pest-proof, disease-resistant and more nutritious.
科学家相信，利用这种新技术能够培育出防虫抗病且更富营养的作物。
- Many people are demanding that GM foods be labeled. Last year public worry forced the Gerber and Heinz companies to stop using GM ingredients in baby foods. Just last month, Frito Lay announced that its snacks would be free of GM ingredients. Companies are seeing that GM foods can be bad for business, even if they haven’t been proved to be bad for health.
许多人要求转基因食品上贴上标签。去年，公众的担心迫使嘉宝食品公司和亨氏食品公司在其婴儿食品中停止使用转基因原料。就在上个月，福利托–雷公司宣布其零食中不含转基因成分。各公司发现，尽管转基因食物尚未被证实有害健康，但对生意却是不利的。
Practical Reading and Writing / Exercises
- Complete the answer (in no more than three words) to each of the following questions.
- Who is the recipient (收件人) of this email?
The recipient of this email is Nina .
- Where is the recipient now?
She is most probably in Australia .
- Who is the writer of this email?
The writer of this email is Jenny .
- When did the writer come back from Australia?
She came back from Australia eight days ago .
- From the subject (主题) line, what is this email mainly about?
The subject line shows that the writer wants to tell the recipient that she has come back to China .
You are required to write a product description according to the following information given in Chinese. You are to write no less than 60 words.
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Sample answer:
